Pengaruh Variasi Arus Pengelasan SMAW Pada Baja ST 42 Dengan Elektroda E7018 Terhadap Kekuatan Bending dan Struktur Mikro

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) welding current variations on low carbon steel ST 42 with E7018 electrode type on mechanical properties, especially in bending and microstructure tests. Three current variations used in this study were 80 A, 100 A, and 120 A. Experimental methods were applied with bending tests and microstructure observations to assess the strength and changes in the grain structure of the steel. The results showed that welding current variations had a significant effect on the mechanical strength of the material. The 80 A current gave the highest bending strength value, while the 100 A current showed optimal results in overall mechanical strength, with an increased risk of cracking at a current of 120 A. Microstructure analysis showed changes in grain size along with increasing current. In conclusion, the 100 A welding current is the optimal choice for welding ST 42 steel in achieving good and stable mechanical properties.