Optimasi Parameter Pengelasan SMAW pada Pembuatan Mata Pendulum Uji Impak Charpy dari Baja Tulangan D12 Menggunakan Metode Taguchi

Abstract

Pendulum blade performance significantly affects the accuracy of Charpy impact tests, yet limited research focuses on its fabrication. This study investigates the effect of welding current, electrode type, and SAE oil viscosity on the impact toughness of pendulum blades made from D12 reinforcement steel, using the Taguchi method for process optimization. A total of nine experimental combinations were arranged using an L9 orthogonal array, with performance measured via Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N Ratio) under the "larger is better" criterion. The results showed that the best toughness value of 0.40 mm was achieved using 80 A current, LB electrode, and SAE 15 oil, while the average toughness across treatments was 0.25 mm. Among the tested parameters, welding current had the strongest influence, while the NK electrode consistently improved material performance. Lubricants with higher viscosity also contributed to more stable impact resistance.

This study concludes that the Taguchi method effectively identifies optimal welding parameters and that D12 reinforcement steel holds potential as an alternative material for impact testing components. The right combination of process variables can enhance both mechanical performance and operational reliability of pendulum blades.