Evaluasi Kinerja Termal Sistem HVAC Tipe Split Duct Menggunakan Refrigeran R-410A pada Bangunan Dua Lantai

Abstract

Experimental evaluation of the thermal
performance of the split duct type Heating,
Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system
based on R-410A refrigerant in a two-story building in
a tropical climate. The main focus of the research is
directed at the characteristics of temperature
distribution, heat transfer capacity, performance
coefficient (Coefficient of Performance - COP), as
well as thermal efficiency of the Carnot cycle. Testing
was carried out for four weeks in real operating
conditions with direct measurements at the diffuser
points to obtain parameters of temperature, pressure,
and compressor power. The experimental results show
that the temperature of the compressor and condenser
increases proportionally to the cooling load, while the
temperature of the evaporator is stable in the range of
255-275 K. The COPactual value ranges between 2.8-
3.5, with a system efficiency of 50-85% compared to
ideal conditions. The higher performance on the
second floor emphasizes the influence of the vertical
thermal load on the actual cooling capacity. Overall,
the split duct system based on R-410A shows good
operational stability and energy efficiency, making it
suitable for cooling applications in low-rise buildings
in tropical climates.