Identifikasi Energi Kalor Pada Proses Pengeringan Biji Jagung dan Gabah Dalam Alat Pengering Tipe Silinder Putar

Abstract

The grain drying process requires stable temperature control so that heat transfer and water evaporation can occur effectively. This study aims to identify the heat energy in the drying process of corn and paddy grains using a rotary cylinder type dryer equipped with a temperature control system. Testing was carried out on 1 kg of corn and paddy grains with setpoint temperature variations of 50°C, 55°C, and 60°C for 1 hour. Calibration results showed that the K-type thermocouple sensor had an average error of 1.52%, making it suitable for temperature measurement in the drying system. The average time to reach a temperature of 60 °C from an initial temperature of 36 °C was 13.13 minutes for 1 kg of corn and 12.84 minutes for 1 kg of paddy. The evaporation rate increased with rising temperature, reaching its highest value of 0.73 g/minute at 60 °C for both materials. Drying efficiency also increased with rising temperature, with the highest values being 30.06% for corn and 29.99% for paddy at 60 °C. The results of this study indicate that increasing temperature has a more consistent effect on the evaporation rate and drying efficiency compared to extending the drying time.