ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur

Analisis Karakteristik Struktur Mikro Pada Sambungan Las GTAW dengan Perbedaan Material

2025-10-03T07:54:55+02:00

Along with the rapid advancement of technology, innovation in the field of engineering materials has also increased significantly, one of which is in the technique of joining two different types of materials or known as dissimilar welding. This study aims to evaluate the effect of variations in the type of filler metal on the microstructure of the joint and the extent to which these variations affect the tensile strength of the welding results between 316L stainless steel and St 41 carbon steel. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a microstructure observation approach to analyze microstructural changes that occur in the weld metal, parent metal, and heat-affected zone (HAZ) due to the use of different fillers.

The results of the observation show that the use of ER309L filler produces a microstructure in the weld metal with finer carbide grains compared to ER70S and ER316L fillers, which tend to produce larger grains. This difference in microstructure has a significant impact on mechanical performance, especially the tensile strength of the weld joint. This shows that the selection of filler type greatly affects the quality of the welding results when viewed in terms of microstructure.

The authors recommend the use of ER309L type filler for dissimilar welding between the two materials, with the note that the test specimens meet the ASTM E8 tensile testing standard to ensure representative and technically acceptable results.

Pengaruh Variasi Arus Pengelasan SMAW Pada Baja ST 42 Dengan Elektroda E7018 Terhadap Kekuatan Bending dan Struktur Mikro

2025-09-30T03:10:35+02:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) welding current variations on low carbon steel ST 42 with E7018 electrode type on mechanical properties, especially in bending and microstructure tests. Three current variations used in this study were 80 A, 100 A, and 120 A. Experimental methods were applied with bending tests and microstructure observations to assess the strength and changes in the grain structure of the steel. The results showed that welding current variations had a significant effect on the mechanical strength of the material. The 80 A current gave the highest bending strength value, while the 100 A current showed optimal results in overall mechanical strength, with an increased risk of cracking at a current of 120 A. Microstructure analysis showed changes in grain size along with increasing current. In conclusion, the 100 A welding current is the optimal choice for welding ST 42 steel in achieving good and stable mechanical properties.

Analisis Potensi Sampah Pasar Inpres Kalianda Sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan dilihat dari Aspek Timbulan, Komposisi dan Karakteristiknya

2025-09-30T03:10:36+02:00

This study aims to analyze the potential utilization of waste generated at the Inpres Market in Kalianda as a renewable energy source, based on waste generation volume, composition, and thermal-physical characteristics. Data were collected through field surveys, observations, interviews, and sampling following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 19-3964-1994). The results showed that the total waste generated by market vendors reached 284.002 kg/day, with organic waste dominating at 70.7%, followed by plastic (15.9%) and paper (8.7%). Laboratory analysis of the waste characteristics revealed a moisture content of 81.71%, volatile matter of 16.83%, ash content of 0.97%, and fixed carbon of 1.03%. Using an average lower heating value (LHV) of 16.8 MJ/kg, the total thermal energy potential was estimated at 4,771.2 MJ/day. Assuming a thermal-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 25%, the resulting electrical energy potential is approximately 1,192.8 MJ/day or 347 kWh/day. These findings indicate that market waste, particularly organic-dominated waste, holds significant potential for development as a renewable energy source, while simultaneously offering a sustainable solution to waste management challenges.

Keywords: market waste, renewable energy, waste characterization, energy conversion, electricity potential

Sifat Mekanik dan Thermal Analysis Desain Produk Kampas Rem Ramah Lingkungan Berbasis TKKS untuk Aplikasi Industri Otomotif

2025-09-30T03:10:37+02:00

Permasalahan limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) yang melimpah namun belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal mendorong inovasi dalam pengembangan material alternatif yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan penggunaan TKKS sebagai bahan dasar dalam desain kampas rem kendaraan melalui pendekatan Analisis Elemen Hingga (FEA). Serat TKKS dikombinasikan dengan binder sebagai matriks dan bahan penguat lainnya untuk membentuk komposit kampas rem, yang kemudian dimodelkan dan disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak SolidWorks dan ANSYS. Parameter utama yang dianalisis meliputi distribusi tegangan, deformasi total, distribusi panas dan faktor keamanan saat kampas rem bekerja pada kondisi pengereman standar industri otomotif. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa kampas rem berbahan dasar TKKS memiliki karakteristik mekanik yang memadai dengan distribusi tegangan yang seragam dan deformasi dalam batas aman. Selain sifat mekanik TKKS sebagai bahan dasar kampas rem yang memadai, kampas rem berbasis TKKS mampu sebagai isolator yang baik sehingga tidak akan berpengaruh buruk terhadap kinerja callliper rem khusus nya pada piston calliper

Analisa Desain Rangka Incinerator Sampah Kapasitas 45 Kg/ Batch Berbasis CAD Menggunakan Metode Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

2025-09-30T03:10:38+02:00

Small-scale waste management requires efficient and safe technologies. This study presents a structural analysis of a 45 kg/batch waste incinerator frame using a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) approach and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The frame is constructed from ASTM A36 hollow steel profiles measuring 40 × 40 × 3 mm. Simulations were carried out to evaluate Von Mises stress, displacement, and safety factor under two loading conditions. The results show a maximum stress of 10.07 MPa, well below the yield strength of 250 MPa. The maximum displacement of 0.0608 mm indicates good structural stiffness. The minimum safety factor is 25, confirming that the design is structurally safe and feasible. This design can serve as an effective and sustainable solution for small-scale waste treatment.

Evaluasi Sifat Kekerasan Kampas Rem Biokomposit Sebagai Alternatif Non-Asbestos

2025-09-30T03:10:39+02:00

Brake pads play a crucial role in the safety system of motor vehicles due to their function in slowing down or stopping the vehicle. The use of asbestos as the primary material in brake pads has been associated with negative impacts on health and the environment, necessitating the development of safer and more sustainable alternatives. This study investigates the mechanical properties of biocomposite-based brake pads made from banana peel and rice husk waste, with polyester resin as the binding matrix. The filler materials were processed into fine charcoal with a particle size of 100 mesh and mixed using the hand lay-up method with specific volume fraction variations. Hardness testing was conducted using a Shore D durometer in accordance with ASTM D2240 standards. The obtained data were analyzed quantitatively using the ANOVA method through Minitab Statistical software. The test results indicated that variations in the composition of filler materials had a significant effect on the hardness value of the brake pads. These findings suggest that biocomposites made from organic waste have potential as environmentally friendly alternatives to non-asbestos brake pads.

Optimasi Parameter Pengelasan SMAW pada Pembuatan Mata Pendulum Uji Impak Charpy dari Baja Tulangan D12 Menggunakan Metode Taguchi

2025-09-30T15:25:12+02:00

Pendulum blade performance significantly affects the accuracy of Charpy impact tests, yet limited research focuses on its fabrication. This study investigates the effect of welding current, electrode type, and SAE oil viscosity on the impact toughness of pendulum blades made from D12 reinforcement steel, using the Taguchi method for process optimization. A total of nine experimental combinations were arranged using an L9 orthogonal array, with performance measured via Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N Ratio) under the "larger is better" criterion. The results showed that the best toughness value of 0.40 mm was achieved using 80 A current, LB electrode, and SAE 15 oil, while the average toughness across treatments was 0.25 mm. Among the tested parameters, welding current had the strongest influence, while the NK electrode consistently improved material performance. Lubricants with higher viscosity also contributed to more stable impact resistance.

This study concludes that the Taguchi method effectively identifies optimal welding parameters and that D12 reinforcement steel holds potential as an alternative material for impact testing components. The right combination of process variables can enhance both mechanical performance and operational reliability of pendulum blades.

The Pengaruh Penggunaan Sensor TPS Aftermarket Dengan Variasi Diameter Throttle Body Terhadap Kinerja Mesin Bensin Satu Silinder 150cc

2025-09-30T16:15:18+02:00

The Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) plays a crucial role in detecting the throttle valve opening position, directly affecting the volume of air entering the combustion chamber, which impacts fuel efficiency and engine performance. This study aims to investigate the effect of TPS types and throttle body diameter variations on power output and fuel consumption in a 150cc single-cylinder motorcycle engine. An experimental method was applied, using both standard and aftermarket TPS types combined with throttle bodies of 26 mm, 28 mm, and 30 mm diameters. The best performance was achieved using the aftermarket TPS with a 26 mm throttle body, producing a maximum power output of 15.41 HP at 9000 rpm. In contrast, the lowest power output was recorded with the standard TPS and 30 mm throttle body at 9.16 HP. The most efficient specific fuel consumption (SFC) was found in the aftermarket TPS with a 28 mm throttle body at 0.0484 kg/HP·h, while the highest SFC occurred with the aftermarket TPS and 26 mm throttle body at 0.1638 kg/HP·h. Maximum torque of 14.08 Nm was recorded with the aftermarket TPS and 26 mm throttle body, whereas the lowest torque, 9.99 Nm, occurred with the standard TPS and 30 mm throttle body.

Uji keausan dan uji kekerasan pada kampas rem berbahan Pirolisis tempurung kelapa sawit dengan matriks epoxy

2025-09-30T07:43:33+02:00

This research responds to the industry's need for environmentally friendly brake linings as an alternative to asbestos brake linings. The main focus is combining palm oil shell powder with epoxy resin as the matrix. This experiment involves varying the volume fraction and pyrolysis temperature to optimize the hardness of the pyrolysis brake lining which shows the shrinkage of palm shell powder at temperatures of 400oC, 450oC and 500oC, giving results for manufacture of brake linings. Hardness testing with a durometer showed that a mixed formulation of 50% palm shell powder + 50% epoxy resin at a temperature of 400 oC gave the highest hardness (72 HD) but experienced a decrease in temperature of 500 oC (53.3 HD). Hardness test analysis according to SNI standards shows that the formulation of 50% + 50% palm shell powder and epoxy resin at a temperature of 400 oC meets SNI standards (72 HD). However, this research highlights further development to achieve optimal development in brake lining hardness, this research contributes to the development of environmentally friendly alternative brake linings with positive results in hardness tests.

Analisis keausan dan kekerasan kampas rem terbuat dari serat daun nanas yang di arangkan dengan resin epoxy

2025-09-30T07:44:32+02:00

Over time, the automotive industry continues to increase with increasing demand for transportation equipment, especially for motorized vehicles. One of the most important parts of a motor vehicle is the braking system. In the braking system, the brake lining is a component part that directly rubs against the rotating part, namely the drum (drum system) or disk (disc system). Material developments to date continue to develop rapidly. This development is due to the need for materials that are heat resistant, resistant to water, friction, and so on. This depends on the use and needs of the material itself. According to (Silvia et al., 2022) the third specimen received a score of 71.3 HD. So the higher the temperature, the lower the hardness of the specimen. Based on research that has been carried out on the composite brake lining material of pineapple leaf fiber and epoxy resin, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. It can be concluded that the pyrolysis temperature greatly influences the mechanical properties of the brake lining, from the results of the hardness test at a temperature of 300°C, the hardness results were obtained. The highest is with an average value of 85.1 HD, while at a temperature of 450°C it only gets an average value of 72.2 HD. In this SEM test, it was taken from the best wear test, namely a temperature of 450°C. From several images in the SEM test, it can be concluded that there are several air cavities due to the pressing process being less than optimal, on the other side of the sample there is epoxy resin which is lumpy due to poor mixing. not evenly distributed. Adding temperature variations to get better brake lining results. 3. For further research, you can add other tests such as proximate tests and several other tests.

Analisis Pengaruh Metode Co firing Dengan variasi beban Menggunakan Sawdust Terhadap Efisiensi Boiler Pada PT. PLN Nusantara Power UP PLTU Indramayu

2025-09-30T03:10:44+02:00

This research was conducted at PT. PLN Nusantara Power UP PLTU Indramayu to evaluate the impact of co-firing methods using sawdust on boiler efficiency. The standard fuel content used includes ash content ≤15% (SNI 13-3478-1994) and moist water content ≤12% (SNI 13-3477-1994). The co-firing method, which mixes sawdust with coal, is used to reduce emissions and improve energy efficiency. This study analyzes boiler performance at 300 MW and 311 MW loads with sawdust mixture variations of 1% and 3%. The results show that boiler efficiency decreases when using co-firing compared to coal combustion alone. At a 300 MW load, boiler efficiency decreased from 85.550% (coal firing) to 85.302% (co-firing 1%) and 83.268% (co-firing 3%). At a 311 MW load, efficiency dropped from 86.305% (coal firing) to 85.323% (co-firing 1%) and 84.446% (co-firing 3%). This efficiency decline is due to the quality of the sawdust, an unoptimized mixing ratio, and the instability of sawdust supply. However, the use of sawdust as an additional fuel remains appropriate for reducing coal dependence and carbon emissions. It is recommended that further research be conducted to optimize sawdust quality, mixing techniques, and supply stability to achieve better efficiency.

Analisis Simulasi Sudut Sudu Tipe NACA 4412 dengan Variasi Jumlah Sudu untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Turbin Angin Horizontal

2025-09-30T03:10:45+02:00

Indonesia memiliki potensi energi angin sebesar 978 MW, dengan kecepatan angin rata-rata 3,5 - 7 m/s, namun pemanfaatan energi angin tersebut belum maksimal. Dari potensi yang tersedia sebesar 9,29 GW, baru 0,0006 GW yang dimanfaatkan, dari potensi tersebut energi angin dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembangkit energi listrik, salah satunya dengan menggunakan turbin angin tipe horizontal. Namun, turbin angin horizontal kurang efisien pada kecepatan angin rendah dapat merusak sudu dan komponen lainnya. Sudu merupakan komponen penting dari turbin angin sehingga sudu selalu dikembangkan. Dari kondisi tersebut, penelitian ini berfokus pada perbandingan efisiensi daya antara turbin angin horisontal 3 sudu dan 4 sudu berbasis Naca 4412 dengan sudut serang 6°, pada variasi kecepatan angin 3 m/s, 4 m/s, 5 m/s, 6 m/s, dan 7 m/s. Melalui pendekatan simulasi dan analisis pada perangkat lunak Qblad. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa turbin angin 4 sudu standar (lebar sudu sama) menghasilkan torsi terbaik sebesar 104,97 (Nm) pada kecepatan angin 7 (m/s). Sedangkan turbin angin 3 sudu yang dimodifikasi (lebar sudu mengerucut ke atas) menghasilkan nilai daya input terbaik sebesar 59,72 (Watt) dan efisiensi terbaik, yaitu sebesar 23,79% pada kecepatan angin 7 (m/s).

Analisis Perbandingan Efektivitas Termal Baterai Lithium-ion Pelat Pendingin Konvensional vs Jaring Laba-laba

2025-09-30T15:51:58+02:00

Lithium-ion batteries excel as energy storage media for electric vehicles due to their high energy and power density, lightweight, low self-discharge, good recyclability, and long cycle life compared to other batteries. However, excessive heat during operation can lead to extreme temperatures and uneven distribution, potentially causing fires or explosions if not properly managed, thus necessitating a Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS). This study aims to analyze and compare the effectiveness of two cooling plates—one with a conventional geometry and the other with a spider-web design—in reducing the heat generated by lithium-ion batteries. The BTMS cooling plate system was simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach with Ansys Fluent Student 2024 R2 software. Heat flux, pressure drop, fluid velocity, and battery temperature were used as parameters to evaluate the cooling plates' effectiveness. The simulation results showed that the conventional cooling plate was more effective in reducing battery heat, with a heat flux of 4897.85 W/m² and a battery temperature of 309.89 K, compared to the spider-web cooling plate, which had a heat flux of 3407.24 W/m² and a battery temperature of 310.84 K.

Analisis kekuatan Alumunium 6061 dan AISI 1020 pada Rangka Sepeda Listrik Roda Tiga menggunakan Software ANSYS

2025-09-30T15:55:11+02:00

This study aims to analyze the strength of Aluminum Alloy 6061 and AISI 1020 Steel materials used in the frame of a three-wheeled electric motorcycle, especially for elderly mobility. The three-wheeled electric motorcycle frame was designed using Solidworks software, then static structural analysis was carried out using ANSYS software with the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The parameters analyzed include Von-Mises stress, displacement, and safety factor of each material. The simulation results show that Aluminum 6061 has a maximum stress of 45.807 MPa, a maximum displacement of 0.44568 mm, and a minimum safety factor of 4.52. While AISI 1020 Steel has a maximum stress of 46.957 MPa, a maximum displacement of 0.16485 mm, and a higher minimum safety factor than Aluminum 6061. Based on the analysis results, Aluminum 6061 is superior in terms of light weight and flexibility, while AISI 1020 Steel offers better structural strength with smaller deformation and higher safety margin. Material selection depends on the design priorities and application needs of the three-wheeled electric motorcycle frame.

The Analisa Pengaruh Beban Roda Dan Variasi Tekanan Awal Terhadap Konsumsi Energi Baterai Serta Durasi Pengisian Pada Rancang Bangun Kompresor Portabel Bertenaga 12V

2025-09-30T16:13:39+02:00

This study aims to investigate the effect of initial pressure and wheel load variations on the inflation duration and energy consumption of a 12V battery-powered portable compressor. The prototype was constructed using recycled automotive components and tested on a 195/55-R16 tire with three initial pressure levels (0 psi, 10 psi, and 20 psi) and threewheel load conditions (0 kg, 100 kg, and 200 kg). The results show that higher initial pressures significantly reduce both inflation duration and battery energy consumption. The longest inflation time was recorded at 32.10 seconds under 0 psi and 200 kg load, while the shortest duration was 9.97 seconds at 20 psi and 0 kg load. The highest energy consumption was 1.365 Wh under 0 psi and 200 kg, while the lowest was 0.464 Wh at 20 psi and 0 kg. Initial pressure was found to be the dominant factor affecting efficiency, while increasing wheel load contributed additional mechanical resistance during inflation. Overall, optimal performance was achieved at high initial pressure and low wheel load. The results indicate that a 12V portable compressor is a practical and energy-efficient solution for emergency tire inflation in automotive applications.

Rancang Bangun Solar Dryer Aktif Tipe Langsung Untuk Pengeringan Biji Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.)

2025-09-30T03:10:48+02:00

Indonesia's cocoa productivity experienced an average annual decline of -1.04% between 2013 and 2022. A key contributing factor is sub-optimal post-harvest handling, particularly cocoa bean drying. Fresh cocoa beans, with a moisture content of 51-60%, must be reduced to 6-7% to prevent spoilage and extend shelf life. To address this, we developed an automated active direct solar dryer for cocoa beans.Unloaded tests confirmed optimal component functionality: the DHT22 sensor accurately recorded data, the solar charging system efficiently increased battery voltage from 11.5 V to 12.4 V, the exhaust fan operated on schedule (10 seconds every 30 minutes), and the blower responded automatically when relative humidity reached 75%. Despite fluctuating solar radiation intensity (221.4 W/m2 to 371.9 W/m2), the drying chamber maintained consistently higher temperatures (≈43ᵒC) compared to ambient conditions, aligning with SNI 9196:2023, and lower humidity (<50%). Drying results demonstrated the device's effectiveness in significantly reducing cocoa bean moisture. Initial moisture content of 70% was successfully lowered to 7.5% (wet basis) within 6 days (54 hours), meeting the quality standards for cocoa beans based on SNI 2323-2008. The cocoa bean drying rate of 1.16%/hour also conformed to SNI 7467:2008.

The Pengaruh temperature dan bukaan throttle (jumlah udara masuk) terhadap tegangan output sensor pada simulator sistem bahan bakar EFI

2025-09-30T16:12:54+02:00

In the current conditions, the Malang State Polytechnic campus PSDKU Lumajang needs practical tools for lectures, therefore it is hoped that this fuel system simulator props can be used for lecture time practice sensors and actuators. This study aims to design and build an EFI fuel system simulator and test the effect of temperature variations and amount of incoming air on the sensor output voltage in the EFI fuel system simulator. The method used in this study uses an experimental method, namely by designing and building an EFI fuel system simulator. The test was carried out with temperature variations and amount of incoming air by attaching IAT sensors and MAF sensors to the intake manifold simulated by the pipe, then the temperature variation and amount of incoming air were tested by the output voltage of the IAT sensor and MAF sensor. The results of the study showed that the output voltage of the IAT sensor had an effect on the temperature. As the temperature increases, the output voltage of the IAT sensor will decrease, because the characteristics of this IAT sensor are like NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) type thermistors, where the sensor resistance decreases when the temperature increases. The output voltage of the MAF sensor also affects the amount of air entering (throttle opening), because this MAF sensor works on the principle of hot wire, which uses a hot wire element that is constantly heated by an electric current. This heating element will cool down when it is passed by the air flow, because the incoming air will absorb some of the heat from the element.

Perbandingan kekuatan adhesi pelapisan elektroplating dan cat pada baja karbon

2025-09-30T03:10:50+02:00

This research investigates the adhesion strength of two surface protection methods electroplating (copper–nickel–chrome) and epoxy coating with 1, 2, and 3 layers on SS400 carbon steel. The study aims to determine which method provides better adhesion and corrosion resistance. Pull-off adhesion tests based on ASTM D4541 were conducted to evaluate bonding performance. Results indicate that electroplated specimens exhibit higher adhesion strength, with chrome plating reaching up to 2.60 MPa, compared to the maximum 1.48 MPa achieved by three-layer epoxy coatings. Failure mode analysis showed cohesive failures in electroplated samples, indicating strong metallurgical bonding, while epoxy coatings experienced more adhesive failures due to weaker interfacial adhesion. These findings confirm that electroplating provides superior bonding and durability under mechanical stress and corrosive environments. Therefore, electroplating is recommended for applications requiring long-term performance, while epoxy coatings remain a viable option for less aggressive conditions.

RANCANG BANGUN KOMPOR JET STREAM BERBAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN OLI BEKAS DAN SOLAR DENGAN VARIASI JUMLAH LUBANG NOZZLE

2025-09-30T16:19:33+02:00

This study examines the efficiency of a jet stream stove design using a fuel mixture of used oil and diesel, with nozzle hole variations of 1, 4, and 6. The research employed an experimental method, utilizing a cylindrical stove with a height of 639 mm and a diameter of 400 mm. The lower chamber functions to heat the fuel, while the upper chamber contains water that is heated to generate steam. This steam is directed into the combustion chamber to intensify the flame. Higher steam pressure produces greater heat output, while lower pressure results in reduced flame height and intensity.

Experimental results indicate that the single-hole nozzle delivers the highest heating efficiency compared to the four- and six-hole nozzles. The time required to boil 5 liters of water was 37 minutes for both the 1-hole and 4-hole nozzles, and 46 minutes for the 6-hole nozzle. Corresponding power outputs were 842 watts, 660 watts, and 530.8 watts, respectively.

The findings suggest that the 1-hole nozzle is the most effective for rapid boiling, despite incomplete combustion that prevented the production of a blue flame due to insufficient oxygen supply. Thus, the single-hole nozzle configuration is recommended for optimal heating performance.

Studi Eksperimen Kekerasan Material Kampas Rem Sepeda Motor Berbahan Biomaterial Arang Kulit Pisang

2025-09-30T03:10:52+02:00

This research aims to develop environmentally friendly brake camoas by utilising banana peel charcoal as filler material, replacing asbestos which is a health risk. Banana peel charcoal was mixed with polyester resin as the matrix, with variations in composition (35% and 45%) and particle size (100 mesh and 200 mesh). The mixing process was carried out carefully to produce a homogeneous and air bubble-free material. Hardness testing was conducted using a Shore D type durometer with five test points on each specimen. The test results showed that the specimen with 35% charcoal content and 200 mesh particle size produced the highest hardness value, 81.2 HD. This indicates that the finer the particle size and the higher the resin content, the denser and harder the material structure. The combination provides optimal mechanical performance, making banana peel charcoal a potential, low-cost, and environmentally friendly alternative brake lining material. Further research is recommended to evaluate the wear properties and thermal resistance for wide application in the automotive industry.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PARTIKEL MONTMORILLONITE PADA KOMPOSIT SERAT AREN

2025-09-30T15:59:20+02:00

The kitchen set is an essential component of a home. However, certain materials such as MDF have drawbacks, particularly in terms of heat resistance. Therefore, alternative materials with better heat resistance are needed, one of which is aren fiber composite with the addition of montmorillonite (MMT) particles for kitchen set applications. This study aims to investigate the effect of varying montmorillonite (MMT) particle additions on the mechanical properties and fire resistance of aren fiber-based composites for kitchen set applications. The volume fractions of MMT used were 3%, 6%, and 9%, with epoxy resin as the matrix and aren fiber as the reinforcement. Tests were conducted on impact toughness (ASTM D6110), flexural strength (ASTM D790) and burn rate (ASTM D635). The results showed that the addition of 3% MMT produced the highest flexural strength (60.5 N/mm2) and impact toughness (0.0224 J/mm²). Meanwhile, the addition of 9% MMT resulted in a slow burn rate (1.18 mm/min). The addition of MMT was proven to form a heat barrier layer within the composite structure, thereby slowing the spread of fire. These findings indicate that aren fiber composites with MMT additions, particularly at concentrations ranging from 3% to 9%, are environmentally friendly and heat-resistant materials suitable for kitchen set applications.

Keywords:

Komposite, Montmorillonite, Aren Fiber, Kitchen Set.

PENGARUH SUSUNAN PADA KOMPOSIT LAMINAT SERAT SABUT KELAPA TERHADAP KEKUATAN BENDING DAN KETANGGUHAN IMPAK

2025-09-30T03:10:54+02:00

Natural fibers have emerged as promising reinforcement materials in composite applications due to their abundance, low density, and favorable specific strength. Composites reinforced with natural fibers are not only environmentally friendly but also demonstrate improved mechanical properties and energy absorption capabilities, making them suitable as alternative structural materials. The stacking sequence and fiber orientation have been shown to significantly affect the flexural and impact performance of laminated composites. This study aims to investigate the effect of different stacking sequences on the flexural and impact properties of laminated composites reinforced with coconut coir fibers. The composites were fabricated using woven and randomly oriented coconut fibers that were alkali-treated with 5% NaOH for 2 hours and dried at 80°C for 3 hours. Unsaturated polyester resin with MEPOXE catalyst served as the matrix, and the hand lay-up method was used for fabrication. Three stacking variations were examined: woven–woven–woven, woven–random–woven, and random–woven–random. Flexural testing was conducted according to ASTM D790, while impact testing followed the Charpy method based on ASTM D6110. The results showed that the woven–woven–woven configuration produced the highest flexural strength of 41.23 MPa. Meanwhile, the random–woven–random configuration exhibited the highest energy absorption and impact toughness, reaching 2.84 J and 0.0295 J/mm², respectively. These findings confirm that woven layers contribute to superior flexural strength, while random fiber arrangements on the outer surfaces enhance energy absorption. Therefore, the stacking sequence plays a crucial role in determining the mechanical performance of coconut coir fiber-reinforced laminated composites.