DEVELOPMENT OF A TEACHING AT THE RIGHT LEVEL (TARL)-BASED E-LKPD ON SOCIAL ARITHMETIC TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ CRITICAL REASONING SKILLS
Abstract
This study aims to develop an E-LKPD based on Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) and to analyze the improvement of students’ critical reasoning skills. The study was conducted with 29 seventh-grade students of class VII B at MTs Ar-Rahmah, Tasikmalaya City, using a Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through observation, interviews, critical reasoning tests, and questionnaires, with instruments consisting of expert validation sheets, response questionnaires, and test items. The results showed that in the analyze stage, learning was still procedural and had not implemented differentiation. The design stage produced a differentiated E-LKPD consisting of three ability levels: need guidance, proficient, and advanced. In the development stage, the product was categorized as highly feasible, with material validity of 88%, media validity of 93%, and test instrument validity of 85%. The product was also considered highly practical based on teacher responses (84%) and student responses (80.86%). During the implementation stage, learning was conducted in three meetings. In the evaluation stage, there was a significant improvement in students’ critical reasoning skills, indicated by an increase in the mean score from 21.72 to 76.59, an N-Gain score of 0.70 (high category), and the paired sample t-test result showing p = 0.000 (<0.05). Therefore, the TaRL-based E-LKPD is effective in improving students’ critical reasoning skills.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-LKPD berbasis Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) serta menganalisis peningkatan kemampuan bernalar kritis peserta didik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 29 peserta didik kelas VII B MTs Ar-Rahmah Kota Tasikmalaya dengan menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap analyze, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, tes kemampuan bernalar kritis, dan angket, dengan instrumen berupa lembar validasi ahli, angket respon, dan soal tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap analyze, pembelajaran masih bersifat prosedural dan belum menerapkan diferensiasi. Tahap design menghasilkan E-LKPD terdiferensiasi dalam tiga level kemampuan, yaitu perlu bimbingan, cakap, dan mahir. Pada tahap development, produk dinyatakan sangat layak dengan persentase kelayakan materi 88%, media 93%, dan instrumen tes 85%. Produk juga tergolong sangat praktis berdasarkan respon guru sebesar 84% dan peserta didik sebesar 80,86%. Pada tahap implementation, pembelajaran dilaksanakan dalam tiga pertemuan. Tahap evaluation menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan kemampuan bernalar kritis, ditandai dengan peningkatan rata-rata nilai dari 21,72 menjadi 76,59, nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,70 (kategori tinggi), serta hasil uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan p = 0,000 (<0,05). Dengan demikian, E-LKPD berbasis TaRL efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan bernalar kritis peserta didik.
References
Abrami, P. C., Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E., Waddington, D. I., Wade, A., & Persson, T. (2015). Strategies for teaching students to think critically: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 85(2), 275–314. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654314551063
Aliyah, H., Usman, & Aniek, W. (2025). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Pada Materi Barisan Dan Deret Melalui Pendekatan Teaching At The Right Level (TARL). MUARA PENDIDIKAN : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan & Sosial Humaniora, 1(4), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.64365/muradik.v1i4.108
Ananda, D., & Adi, P. (2024). Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Dengan Pendekatan Teaching At The Right Level Dalam Pembelajaran Memaknai Informasi Teks Berita Kelas VII SMPN 2 Pakis. Jurnal Pembelajaran, Bimbingan, dan Pengelolaan Pendidikan, 4(2), 8. https://doi.org/10.17977/um065.v4.i2.2024.8
Andriyani, R., Mushafanah, Q., & Suwarni, S. (2025). Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Melalui Model PBL dengan Pendekatan TaRL Kelas IV SDN Sarirejo. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 10(1), 367–372. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v10i1.3018
Astiantih, S., & Akfan, S. S. (2023). Utilizing Concept Maps To Enhance Students’ Writing Skills. JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 11(3), 433. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v%vi%i.7993
Azizah, A. A., & Safrina, K. (2025). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) untuk Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa MTs. MATHIEU: Journal of Mathematics Education and Learning, 2(1), 1–18. https://journal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/mathieu
Banerjee, A. V, Cole, S., Dufle, E., & Linden. (2016). Mainstreaming an effective intervention: Evidence from randomized evaluations of Teaching at the Right Level. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w22746
Cahyadi, R. A. H. (2019). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Addie Model. Halaqa: Islamic Education Journal, 3(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.21070/halaqa.v3i1.2124
Faturrosi, A., Agustina, Lady, & Rhomdani, R. W. (2026). Efektivitas Pendekatan TaRL Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penggunaan LKPD. Judika Education, 9, 78. https://doi.org/10.31539/cj8ave98
Herman, T., Hasanah, A., Candra Nugraha, R., Harningsih, E., Aghniya Ghassani, D., Marasabessy, R., & Studi Pendidikan Matematika, P. (2022). Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah-High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) pada Materi Translasi. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v6i1.1276
Indartiningsih, D., Mariana, N., & Subrata, H. (2023). Perspektıf Glokal Dalam Implementası Teachıng At The Rıght Level(Tarl) Pada Pembelajaran Berdıfrensıası Pada Kurıkulum Merdeka. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 6(4), 1984–1994. https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v6i4.7547
Kasella, D. N., Susanta, A., & Parmadi, B. (2025). Pengembangan LKPD Materi Pecahan Desimal Berbasis Pendekatan Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Matematika Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. KAPEDAS, 4(1), 78–88. https://ejournal.unib.ac.id/index.php/kapedas/index
Kong, S. C. (2021). The effects of digital learning on students’ higher-order thinking skills. Computers & Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104210
Kusniawati, I., Vahlia, I., & ES, Y. R. (2020). Peningkatan Self-Regulated dan Berpikir Kritis Matematika Melalui Model Pembelajaran Treffinger. EMTEKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 1(1), 62-71. https://doi.org/10.24127/emteka.v1i1.411
Lutfiyanti, R. A., Rahmawati, D. S., Adhelia, D., Az-Zahro, C., Fauzi Hendratmoko, A., Sudibyo, E., & Nurita, T. (2025). Implementasi Model Team Game Tournament Berbasis Monopoli Interaktif Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa SMP Tentang Mitigasi Bencana Atmosfer Dan Polusi Udara. JP-IPA, 6(2), 194–202. https://doi.org/10.56842/jp-ipa
Miller, B. T., Camarda, A., Mercier, M., Burkhardt, J. M., Morisseau, T., Bourgeois-Bougrine, S., Vinchon, F., El Hayek, S., Augereau-Landais, M., Mourey, F., Feybesse, C., Sundquist, D., & Lubart, T. (2023). Creativity, Critical Thinking, Communication, and Collaboration: Assessment, Certification, and Promotion of 21st Century Skills for the Future of Work and Education. In Journal of Intelligence (Vol. 11, Number 3). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11030054
Munika, R. D., Marsitin, R., & Sesanti, N. R. (2021). E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning Disertai Kuis Interaktif Matematika untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis. Jurnal Tadris Matematika, 4(2), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.21274/jtm.2021.4.2.201-214
Mursidah, F., Hendratno, Pristiani, D., & Yatimah, N. (2024). Penerapan Pendekatan Teaching at The Right Level (TaRL) dalam Pembelajaran Problem Based Learnibg Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 09, 825–833. https://journal.unpas.ac.id/index.php/pendas/article/view/18350
Putri, Z. F., Rahman, A. A., & Tanjung, A. F. (2024). Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Terintegrasi Pendekatan TaRL untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa. Kognitif: Jurnal Riset HOTS Pendidikan Matematika, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.51574/kognitif.v4i2.1869
Rachma Mufidah, L. N., & Siswono, T. Y. E. (2024). Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelompok Homogen dalam Pemecahan Masalah Kolaboratif Materi Lingkaran. MATHEdunesa, 13(1), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.26740/mathedunesa.v13n1.p94-103
Rahmadoni, G. N., & Aini, S. (2025). Pengembangan e-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Materi Hidrokarbon di SMK Fase E. EDUKATIF: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(1), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v7i1.7938
Ramandani, R. (2025, July 23). Permendikdasmen Nomor 13 Tahun 2025, Menguatkan Arah Kebijakan melalui Pembelajaran Mendalam. KEMENDIKDASMEN. Https://Www.Kemendikdasmen.Go.Id/Siaran-Pers/13278-Permendikdasmen-Nomor-13-Tahun-2025-Menguatkan-Arah-Kebijakan-Melalui-Pembelajaran-Mendalam.
Rostikawati, T., Ismail, I., Nababan, E., & Nuraziza, R. F. (2025). Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) Approach on Fourth-Grade Students’ Email Writing Skills at SDN Lawanggintung 2. Journal of General Education and Humanities, 4(3), 767–774. https://doi.org/10.58421/gehu.v4i3.448
Rosyid, F. K., Kusmaryono, I., & Abdul Basir, M. (2025). Penerapan Teaching at the Right Level Berbantuan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 9(1), 10859–10864. https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/26391/18105
Suhardi. (2022). Pengembangan media pembelajaran passing bola basket menggunakan kartu tugas pada pembelajaran Penjasorkes bagi siswa kelas VIII UPT SMP Negeri 1 Alla Kabupaten Enrekang. Jurnal Transformasi Sintaksis, 3. https://jurnal.syntaxtransformation.co.id/index.php/jst/article/download/637/896?utm_source
Vahlia, I., Rahmawati, D., Mustika, M., Yunarti, T., & Nurhanurawati, N. (2021). Pengembangan E-Modul Aljabar Linear Berbasis Socrates Berbantu Aplikasi Android untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=id&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Pengembangan
Zein, F. A., & Musyarofah, M. (2024). Pengembangan Elektronik Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (E-LKPD) Interaktif Menggunakan Wizer.Me Pada Pembelajaran IPS. Prima Magistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 5(1), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.37478/jpm.v5i1.3573
Copyright (c) 2026 EMTEKA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
EMTEKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika provides open access to its content, promoting global knowledge exchange. All articles are freely available for reading and downloading. Under the CC-BY license, authors retain copyright but grant others permission to use the content, provided proper attribution is given. Users must cite the original source, including the author(s), EMTEKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika as the publisher, publication year, volume, and DOI (if available).
