Evaluasi Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini: Identifikasi Kesesuaian Tahap Perkembangan Dan Kebutuhan Intervensi
Abstract
This study aims to measure the development of kindergarten (TK) students across four main domains: fine motor skills, gross motor skills, language & speech, and social & independence, to determine whether students have achieved age-appropriate developmental milestones or require further support. The method used is a descriptive quantitative approach, with data collection through observation using the Early Childhood Developmental Detection (DDTK) instrument. The assessments were conducted individually by four observers who aligned their perceptions to ensure consistency in the measurement process. The results show that 5 students (38.5%) have development that aligns with their age milestones, 6 students (46.2%) fall into the questionable category, and 2 students (15.3%) show potential deviations from expected developmental stages. Among the developmental areas, the highest achievement percentages are found in the Social & Communication domain (93%), followed by Speech & Language (88%), Fine Motor Skills (71.5%), and Gross Motor Skills (65.4%). These results emphasize the importance of early detection and additional stimulation in the gross motor and speech & language domains to ensure optimal developmental outcomes for young children.
References
Brown, S., Smith, A., & Jones, R. (2021). The impact of early childhood education on long-term academic achievement. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 56, 38-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.02.001
Copple, C., & Bredekamp, S. (2014). Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth Through Age 8 (3rd ed.). National Association for the Education of Young Children.
Davis, T., & Smith, J. (2023). Milestones and delays: A global perspective on early childhood development. International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 45(2), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-023-00311-1
Damberg, M., & Baker, A. (2016). Early intervention in childhood: The long-term benefits of early developmental support. Child Development, 87(6), 1654-1671. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12672
Gonzalez, L., Rivera, M., & Morales, J. (2020). Early intervention and the gap in developmental milestones: A longitudinal study. Journal of Early Childhood Education, 25(4), 342-358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-020-01026-2
Gupta, R., & Alford, L. (2023). Assessing the impact of early childhood developmental screenings. Child Psychology & Development, 12(1), 72-83. https://doi.org/10.1037/ced0000271
Hilliard, A. (2021). The importance of developmental milestones in early childhood education. International Journal of Early Childhood, 53(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-021-00342-7
Jones, C., Thomas, S., & Lee, M. (2022). Using standardized observation tools to detect early developmental delays in preschool children. Early Intervention Research, 29(3), 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eir.2022.03.002
Kusumaningsih, S., & Sun, K. (2025). Social activities and early childhood development: Building communication skills and empathy through play. Early Childhood Education Journal, 51(4), 387-396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-025-01176-4
Maleki, Z., Miri, S. M., & Aghayan, S. (2019). The role of social interaction and group play in the development of children’s communication skills. Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(3), 417-429. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000301
Misirliyan, A. (2023). Developmental milestones in early childhood: A review of assessment and interventions. Journal of Early Childhood Development, 39(2), 120-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/10726402.2023.1959841
O'Keeffe, L., & McNally, M. (2025). The integration of play in early childhood curriculum to enhance developmental outcomes. Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 13(1), 78-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/17559303.2025.1894024
Papalia, D. E., & Feldman, R. D. (2014). Experience Human Development (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Stodden, D. F., Goodway, J. D., & Smith, L. D. (2017). The relationship between physical activity and motor skill development in early childhood. Early Childhood Education Review, 47(5), 249-261. https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2017.1301154
Vygotsky, L. S. (2019). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Kajian Anak (J-Sanak)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The author submits the manuscript to do so with the understanding that if accepted by the jurnal kajian anak (J-Sanak) for publication, the publication of the copyright of the article will be assigned/transferred to the Jurnal Kajian Anak (J-Sanak) Publisher.
However, the Authors still reserve the following:
a). All proprietary rights other than copyright such as patent rights,
b). The right to use all or part of this article in future works of our own such as in books and lectures.
Jurnal Kajian Anak (J-Sanak), the International Editorial and Editorial Board made every effort to ensure that no false, misleading data, opinions or statements were published in the journal . In any way, the contents of articles and advertisements published in Jurnal Kajian Anak (J-Sanak) are the sole and exclusive responsibility of each writer and advertiser.
The copyright form must be electronically signed and sent to the Editorial Office in the form of an original e-mail: [email protected]

Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional







