The SELF-EFFICACY, LOCUS OF CONTROL, AND PROCRASTINATION ON ECONOMICS STUDENTS' ACADEMIC CHEATING IN SURAKARTA
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Academic cheating remains a significant challenge to educational integrity, particularly in high school economics education, where academic pressure may encourage students to engage in dishonest practices. Understanding the psychological and behavioral factors underlying academic cheating is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. Grounded in Social Cognitive Theory, this study aims to examine the individual and simultaneous effects of self-efficacy, external locus of control, and academic procrastination on academic cheating among high school students in Surakarta, Indonesia. This study employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design involving 373 tenth- and eleventh-grade students from four public high schools selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected using structured Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that self-efficacy has a significant negative effect on academic cheating, whereas external locus of control and academic procrastination have significant positive effects. These findings indicate that academic cheating is influenced by multiple psychological and behavioral factors, particularly students' confidence in their academic abilities, tendency to attribute outcomes to external circumstances, and difficulties in managing academic responsibilities. The study concludes that strengthening self-efficacy, promoting personal responsibility, and improving students' self-regulation are essential for reducing academic dishonesty. This study contributes to the application of Social Cognitive Theory in secondary economics education by providing empirical evidence of the factors associated with academic cheating and offering practical implications for developing integrated prevention strategies through mastery-oriented assignments, structured deadlines, and consistent academic supervision.
Keywords: academic dishonesty; external locus of control; procrastination; self-efficacy
ABSTRAK
Kecurangan akademik masih menjadi tantangan serius bagi integritas pendidikan, khususnya dalam pembelajaran ekonomi di sekolah menengah atas, ketika tekanan akademik dapat mendorong siswa melakukan tindakan tidak jujur. Pemahaman terhadap faktor psikologis dan perilaku yang memengaruhi kecurangan akademik diperlukan untuk mengembangkan strategi pencegahan yang efektif. Berlandaskan Teori Kognitif Sosial, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh efikasi diri, lokus kendali eksternal, dan prokrastinasi akademik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap perilaku mencontek siswa SMA di Surakarta. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 373 siswa kelas X dan XI dari empat SMA negeri yang dipilih melalui teknik cluster sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dan dianalisis melalui regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan IBM SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kecurangan akademik, sedangkan lokus kendali eksternal dan prokrastinasi akademik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kecurangan akademik. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa perilaku mencontek berkaitan dengan rendahnya keyakinan terhadap kemampuan akademik, kecenderungan mengatribusikan hasil belajar pada faktor eksternal, dan lemahnya regulasi diri dalam menyelesaikan tugas akademik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan efikasi diri, penguatan tanggung jawab pribadi, dan pengembangan kemampuan regulasi diri diperlukan untuk mengurangi kecurangan akademik. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan kajian Teori Kognitif Sosial dalam pendidikan menengah dengan memberikan bukti empiris mengenai faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kecurangan akademik serta menjadi dasar pengembangan strategi pencegahan melalui tugas berorientasi penguasaan materi, tenggat waktu bertahap, dan pengawasan akademik yang konsisten.
Kata kunci: efikasi diri; external locus of control; kecurangan akademik, prokrastinasi
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